Fig. 4.15 — Focusing near an interface

Fig. 4.15 — Focusing near an interface

Schematic representation of the focusing near a planar interface at z = zi between glass (nt = 1.55) and water (nt = 1.33) using (a) a 1.30 NA oil-immersion objective and (b) a 1.45 NA total internal reflection objective. The dashed lines represent the light ray directions without interface. The presence of the interface produces spherical aberrations in (a) and evanescent waves in (b).

Fig. 4.15 — Focusing near an interface

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